使GDP具有可比性的一个常用概念是人均GDP, 它是由GDP除以各自国家的居民人数得出的. 人均国内生产总值经常被用作衡量一个国家生活水平的指标，尽管这并不完全准确, it provides a decent benchmark.
与GDP密切相关的一个概念是国民生产总值(GNP)，又称国民总收入(GNI). In contrast to the GDP, which measures production on a geographic basis, the GNP is calculated based on ownership. Hence, 在中国由美国公司所有的工厂的生产将包括在美国的国民生产总值和在 GDP of China. 国民生产总值曾经是美国生产的官方衡量标准.S. but was been replaced by the GDP in 1991.
According to this GDP-based country ranking, the U.S. 中国仍然是世界上最大的经济体，国内生产总值超过21万亿美元.S. dollars. It is expected though that, given China’s GDP growth rates, the GDP of China will eventually outgrow the U.S. GDP within the next couple of years.
Ranking countries based on per capita GDP yields an entirely different result: In 2019, 人均GDP最高的三个国家是卢森堡, Switzerland, and Macao. The United States of America 排在挪威和冰岛这样的小国家之后. Meanwhile large, fast growing economies like India, Brazil and China are nowhere to be found in the Top 20.
